الفهرس 
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION :
Childhood stage is considered one of the important stages in man’s life so much that it is seen the most important stage by which man passes through his development. This importance is due to considering it as the foundation for the future characteristics and features of the
individual’s personality. Too through this stage, the
attitudes of the individual are formed, his trends, aptitudes develop and fields of his physical, mental, psychological and social development are determined. This depends upon what the surrounding environment provides him such as taking care of him in addition to what he has of abilities and aptitudes.
As the family presents the first educational source which recieves the child after his birth and is responsible for his Bowing up and forming him socially in a way that makes him able to acquire traditions and habits of society, the great part of this responsibility lies on the mother; she is the first one of the child’s eyes see. She tries to satisfy his psychological and physical needs at this early stage of his life. Therefore, the child can not live without her because he depends so much on her at this stage, whereas, the role of man is often limited to the financial needs of the family.
Family system as the work of woman for her self—
actualization, her personality and participation in carrying responsibilities and economic burdens for rising the level
of family life. this makes the efforts and time of woman divided and distributed between her work and her resposibilities as a wife, a housekeeper and a mother. this position creates many short comings in educational responsibilities of family. thus, there are many problems the child meets his starting life.
The role woman and her participation in serving her
mother land and its development is so important.there fore, our nation tried to find siutable solutions for these problems. these attempts to solve problems on the part of nation were finding adjustment betweenthe work of woman and her educational responsibilities toward her children such as limiting hours of work, offering vacations for giving her birtla and building nursery schools.
As these nursery schools are educational and social
institutes are affected by the general circumstances of society. they meet some problems affecting the level of performing their function and bindering achieving thier social and educational aims.the problem of this study stermed as followes: Problem of the study:
It is limited in the folowing main question:
To what exent do the nursery schools do their role in accordance with the needs and characteristics of children at Kalubbeia governorate?
this main question leads to:
A-what are the educational aims of nursery schools?
B-what are the educational systems followed in educating children on nursery schools?
C-To what extent do these systems realize the educational aims?
D-what are the problems which face these nursery schools? and how can we overcome them?
E-what are the ways for rising efficiency of work at these nursery schools for achieving the required aims? Objectives of the study:
this study aims at:
1-Studying educational aims of nursery schools at Kalubbeia governorate.
2-Studying educational systems followed in educating the child and its appropriatness for the nature of childhood stage.
3-Discovering the problems which nursery schools encounter and hider thier functions?
4-Suggesting a future conceptualization for nursery schools aiming at improving social and psychological positions of children. Limits of the study:
A . Geographical limit:
this study involved twelve nursery schools at Kalubeia governorate presenting the rural field, the civilized field and the industrial field. this number forms ten percent of
the total number for nursery schools which is 123
distributed as (8) adminstrations: benha, Kafer Shoker, Taukh, Kalub, Shepein El Kanater, Shobra, El khanka and El kanater El khayeria. the selected sample presents nursery schools related to B. Human limit: the study included a sample of mothers (N=320), mangers (N=12) and supervisors (N=35) at nursery schools, Kalubbeia governorate. Method:
The researcher used the descriptive approach
appropriate to the nature of the study and its aims. the followig systems were concentrated:
1—Case study
2—Observation
3—Iriterview Tools of the study:
1—An observation check list.
2—Tow interview check lists. Statistical Treatment:
After manipulating the results percentage of raw
date. Plan of the study:
This study contains two parts: Part one: It presents the theoritical back ground of the study. it includes three chapters as follows;
The first chapter: it includel introduction of the study, its problem, objectives, limits, method, tools, definition
of terms in addition to previous studies. The Second Chapter: It presents and illustrates physical, mental, emotional and social characteristics of child development in addition to different needs of development. The third chapter:
It presents the social and educational functions of nursery schools. Part two: It presents the field frame of the study. it involves three chapter:
The fourth chapter:
Procedures of the field study:
this chapter gives a description for the study population in terms of position, number of population and thier
distribution, economic activities of people,the instructional level of people and the population structure according to age and sex. Also, this chapter presents the details and preparation of tools in addition to selectin the sample of the study.
The Fifth chapter:
This chapter is interested in manipulating the field results and its interpretations.
The Sixth Chapter:
This involves a future conceptualization for nursery schools at Kalubbeia governorate in the light of suggestions
and recommendations.
The Sixth Chapter:
This involves a future conceptualization for nursery schools at Kalubbeia governorate in the light of suggestions
and recmmendations. Results:
1-The main building, most nursery schools at the governorate have building which have been preparad for other purposes in addition to using them by other institutes. these nursery schools are upstairs, therefore, the researcher recommends that it is necessary to create a serious law in order to carry out these requirements such as changing thier place from upstairs to downstairs and having gardens in order to realize appropriate capacity that enables children to move in a free way without any difficulties which hinder their activities.
2-Building equipment:
Nursery schools at the governorate are suffering from inadequacy of financial requirements and appropriate equipments so much that their educational role become too limited.
3-Healthy requirements:
It is observed that equipment of healthy requirements in most governorates does not suit children. thus these
children find difficulty in using these healthy
requirements.
4- Medical examination room:
The results of the study revealed that majority of nursery schools does not have such medical examination rooms.this is due to the inadequacy of the number of these rooms. therefore, the researcher recommends that these nursery schools are in need of these examination rooms.
Gardens: the results showed that most nursery schools have no green areas. this means that they miss an important and necessary essential for the child activity at this stage from his life thus the researcher recommends that much more interest and attention should be given to gardens and their equipment. Staff workers
The results revealed that nursery schools are suffering from inadequacy of specialized supervisors. Acceptance Conditions:
These conditions are different from one nursery school to another. some of them are limited to accepting children of working mothers, some give prionty to this type of children and complete the number they need by children of non-working mothers. the researcher recommends that this chance must be given to all children of all mothers as well. Instructional services:
Some nursery schools give the essential principles for
reading and writing where as, others neglect this aspect absolutely claiming that this is the desire of parents. but the researcher recommends that it is very important to teach children aged five years the (basic) essential principles for reading and writing in addition to giving attention to the level of their maturation and objective of their learning.