الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The level of people’s health; physical, mental, and social is dominated and affected by their total environment. The most pressing sanitation problem in the developing countries is the provision of a safe water supply in quality as well as in qua ntity. Water and wastewater problems are interrelated, and when sewage disposal is insanitary, water sources will be pol luted. Air polluted by chemicals, dust, gases, and radioact ive substances is now considered to be the cause of chronic d~generative diseases, and predi:Jposing or conditioning fact ors in the development of acute and chronic respiratory dis eases and air borne infections. The provision of shelter (hou sing) is one of the basic human needs. As housing is a part of the total environment, and hence it determines the level of physical, mental, and social well being of man, the inadequate or overcrowded housing will harmfully affect human life. Wadi EI-Amar is a residential area in the west district of Alexandria Governorate. It is located within an industrial region and consequently inhabitants of this area are potentially exposed to the harmful effects of bad environmental con ditions, e.g. bad sanitation condition, and respirable dust. Because of the different nature of sources of environmental hazards, this area was chosen for the pJesent study. The present work aimed at: - Evaluation of the different environmental sanitation para meters, e.g. water, wastewater, solid waste, housing,...,etc. - Evaluation of the health status of the residents of the area. - Determination of the possible association between the preval ent health problems and the different environmental sanitation parameters. The environmental sanitation data as well as the data concerning the health status were collected through.a systematic random sample that included 140 houses out of the 568 houses in the area. The human study included the dwellers of the selected houses. All ages and both sexes were represented in the sample. Non-human study were the Anvironmental sanit ation parameters of the area. Data concerning water sources, distribution, storage tanks; wastewater disposal; refuse col lection; as well as housing condition sanitary survey of the chosen hQuses were assessed through usi.~ a precoded obse rvation sheet. Data concerning the health status of residents were assessed via a medical sheet which included medical his tory, examination, and investigation of haemoglobin content in the blood. Univariate statistical analysis was performed between scores of the different variables and the health status of the residents. Multivariate analysis was carried out with the disease status as the dependent variable and other para meters as independent variables. Relative humidity inside the house was measured by a hair hygrometer. A score system was proposed to evaluate the socio economic status, water supply, wastewater disposal, refuse col lection, and housing condition. The quality of drinking water was determined by taking 14 samples from the taps or storage tanks. Such samples were analysed for physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. The total viable count of bacteria/c.c. of the sample was carried out by using the pour plate method. A presumptive test or the Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms was done. Haemoglobin was estimated in blood samples taken from residents of the selected houses by the acid haematin method using Sahli haemoglobinometer. According to 1986 census” Wadi EI-Amar belongs to EI-Mex region whose population consisted of 11492 males and 11043 fem ales with a total of 22535. The average of the family size was 4.5 persons which is similar to the national figure. Wadi EI-Amar area is served by a health center which is a collect ion of a health office, maternity and child health care unit, dental unit, and social s~rvices unit. The main problems of Wadi EI-Amar residents were poor housing conditions (52.1