الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most serious diseases that are rampant in modern days and although it is a very serious disease people tend to disregard it until horrendous consequences begin to catch up with them diabetes mellitus is a syndrome with metabolic vascular and neuropathic components that are interrelated the metabolic syndrome is characterized by alteration in carbohydrate fat and protein metabolism secondary to absence or markedly diminished insulin secretion and or ineffective insulin action knowler 1994 and american diabetes association 2001 insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas that cluster in islets it plays amajor role in maintaing blood glucose level within a close range.