الفهرس 
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Abstract
The mediterranean sea is a semi enclosed basin connected to the atlantic ocean through the narrow straight of gibraltar which is only 13 km wide and 300 m deep it extends over an area ranging from 30 n to 46 n and 4 w to 36 e it is comprised of two subbasins the western and the eastern these two basins are linked together at the straight of sicily whose depth is m and is 35 km wide the eastern basin is comprised of four subbasins ionian suddasin levantine subbasin adriatic sea and the aegean sea.