الفهرس 
contentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 176 |  |  |
| | | from | 176 | | |
Abstract
(A... Nowadays dental caries and periodontal disease are one of a major public health problem in the world. ilthough dental caries, is not a life endangering it is extremely troublsome, incapacitating and expensive. It / C~ directly or indirectly be responsible for pain, i~ection, facial disfigurement, difficulty in chewing, speech impairement and malnutrition. Periodontal disease is one of the most widespread disease of mankind. Several researches and clinical evidence indicate that the damage caused to the supporting structures of the teeth by periodontal disease in early adult life is irreparable. - School age is very critical regarding the dental nealth and the school dentist can provide very valuable services to this sector of population. The age period 15 - 18 years is critical because most of the permanent teeth had been erupted and some of the oral and dental diseases may be appeared. The most common dento-oral diseases are dental caries and periodontal disease. The policy of the Ministry of Health in Alexandria is to establish well staffed and equipped dental clinics inside schools with considerable number of pupils (more than 2000 pupils) to facili ta te the delivery of dental health services to this target population, thus overcoming the obstacles encountered in referring the pupils to a far located dental olinics. The study was carried out with the following aim. ~aluation of the effect of presence of dental olinic in secondary schools in Alexandria in terms of oral health condition of the pupils, knowledge and practioe related to dental heal th,~tilization of dental servioes and satisfaotion with dental services in soho6ls with dental clinics as compared to those reoeiving dental servioes from the general Sohool Health Units. ~, The study was oarried out in the three seoondary schools whioh have dental olinios in Alexandria namely, Mohrem Bey and Moustafa Kamel for girls and Gama.l Abd El-Nasser for boys. A control group was seleoted from pupils in secondary schools -without dental olinios and matohed with the study group for sex and geo~raphioal distribution of sohools. Fifty percent of the pupils of the first year of the ohosen sohools were included in the study. The required information was colleoted by a schedule including a questionnaire and results of the examination. The questionnaire included personal information (age and sex), servioe utilization, knowledge and practice related to dental health and satisfaction of dental services. The pupils under study were examined at the schools twicely using the standard methods and techniques(4). The first examination was carried out at the beginning of the scholastic year (1985 - 1986) before the pupils recieve anw dental care and the second examination was done during the last two months of the scholar year. The obtained data were analysed and comparison of the oral health condition and services offered, during ,the scholastic year, to both groups was made. The study revealed the following main results: - The total number of the studied sample amounted to 1535 pupils. This constituted 55.9 of the first grade. p~pils of the selected schools. - The total number of boys amounted to 361 (23.52) boys and the number of girls amounted to 1174 (76.48) girls and their age ranged from 14 - 18 years. The results of the first examination at the beginning of the scholastic year revealed that: - Dental caries was prevalent among 76.68 of the studied sample. - The mean DMFT index was 3.24 ! 2.43 per pupil with a components of 2.50 for (D), 0.41 for (M) and 0.33 for (F). - The majority of the pupils (85.41) had soft deposits. The average segment affected per pupil was 1.28 ~ 2.02 segments with no significant differance between boys and girls. - Calculus was prevalent among 34.01 of the pupils with a mean of 0.64 ~ 0.82 segment affected per pupil. The prevalence rate was higher among boys (42.94) than among girls (31.26) with a significant difference. - Intense giDgivitis was diagnosed among 11.99 of the pupils. The average segment affected per pupil was 0.14 - 0.18 segment with no sex difference. - The majority of the pupils (91.79) had normal occlusion (class I). - 4.63 of the pupils had fractured anterior teeth. Boys had a significant higher rate (7.76) than girls (3.66). 1- There was an adverse relation between the presence of dental caries and frequency of tooth brushing per day. Soft deposits, calculus and intense gingivitis were more prevalent among pupils who did not used to brush their teeth. An adverse relation was detected between I the presence of periodontal disease and frequency of I I tooth brushing per day. - At the beginning of the scholastic year there .was no significant difference between the exaJDined pupils in schools with dental clinics and those in schools without dental clinics as regards prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases. - Assessement of the knowledge of the pupils about dental health at ”the beginning of the scholastic year revealed that there was no significant difference in the knowledge of the pupils of both types of schools. - Studying the behaviour of the pupils after eating sweets the results showed that no significant difference in the behaviour of the pupils of both types of schools at the beginning of the scholastic year. - Comparing the results of the second examination, at the end of the scholastic year, regarding dental caries among pupils in schools with dental clinics and among pupils in schools without dental clinics it was found that 32.22 of the pupils in schools with dental clinics had carious teeth compared to 55.59 of the pupils in schools without dental clinics with a significant difference. Soft deposits was present among 77.92 of the pupils in schools with dental clinics and among 85.71 of the pupils in school without dental clinics. This difference was statistically significant. - There was a significant difference in the prevalence of calculus among pupils in schools with dental clinics (26.96) and among pupils in schools without dental clinics (32.4~). - Intense gingivitis was diagnosed among 10.14 of the pupils in schools with dental clinics and among 11.77 of the pupils in schools without dental clinics with no significant difference. - Assessing the knowledge of the pupils about dental health at the end of the scholastic year. There was a significant difference in the true answers given by the pupils of both types of schools, which reflects the effect of the presence of the dental clinic inside the schools. - The proportion of the pupils with right behaviour after eating sweets were more (55.20) among pupils in schools with dental clinics than among pupils in schools without dental clinics (38.22) with a significant difference. - As regards the treatment ’offered to the pupils during the scholastic year, 57.44 of the pupils with carious teeth in schools with dental clinics were treated compared to 27.79 of the pupils in sohools without dental clinics. A higher percent (54.99) of carious teeth were treated among the pupils in schools with dental clinics as compared to those in schools without dental clinics (14.08) with a significant difference. - Regarding periodontal diseases, a higher proportion of affected pupils in schools with dental clinics (2).08) were treated from calculus as compared to the treated pupils in schools without dental clinics (1.61). - About 15 of the affected pupils with intense gingivitis in schools with dental clinics were treated during the scholastic year compared to only 1.11 of pupils with intense gingivitis in schools ~ithout dental clinics with a sisnificant difference. - The majority of the treated pupils (94.75) in schools with dental clinics were treated in the school clinic while 59.87 of the treated pupils in schools without dental clinics were treated in the general School Health Units. - The results showed that 98.)6 of the treated pupils in schools with dental clinics were satisfied about the services offered to them. The corresponding figure among pupils in schools without dental clinics was 61.86with a significant difference.