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Abstract
Cancer is a disease of unregulated cell growth. Humans of all ages develop cancer, and a wide variety of organs are affected. Multiple myeloma is a cancer in which antibody-producing plasma cells grow in an uncontrolled and invasive (malignant) manner.
Melphalan (DNA cross-linker), is one of the most widely used and effective drugs in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Thalidomide as an immunomodulatory agent is clinically useful in a number of cancers. Antitumor activity may be related to a number of known properties, including antitumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and T- cell costimulatory and antiangiogenic effect. However, it may also involve direct antitumor effects.
Radiotherapy is an important modality in the treatment of cancer. The aim of radiotherapy is to deliver radiation doses and schedules that kill cancer cells, while preserving normal tissue function.
The aim of these studies was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of some chemical substances (chemotherapy) such as melphalan and thalidomide and -radiation (radiotherapy) on the growth of myeloma cells. Also some confirmatory tests such as β2-microglobulin, caspases enzymes 8 and 9 and Flow cytometric analyses were performed for the obtained optimum doses.
From the present study we concluded that the chemotherapeutic doses of 0.1mg/ml for melphalan and 0.1mg/ml for thalidomide and radiotherapeutic dose of 6 Gray for γ - radiation were effective against the growth of myeloma cells and can be used for treatment of myeloma cells.