الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Renal and urinary tract problems in the pediatric age group range from mid conditions requiring simple outpatient care to severe handicapping conditions requiring lifelong care and rehabilitation. Nevertheless, many of the simple conditions have the potential to cause permanent renal damage if [recurrent or untreated. When the kidneys fail permanently, life cannot be sustained without jresort to artificial replacement therapy . Unfortunately, however, there are fmajor problems in providing both medical and social work services for children suffering from end stage renal disease in developing countries. In a Social and economic environment where treatment options for end-stage renal failure are not available to the vast majority of the population, a valuable approach would be the adoption of preventive measures. The (implementation of any such measures, however entails adequate awareness of any condition that could play a role in the development of diseases of the urinary systemThe study was conducted to fulfill the following aims: 1. To outline the epidemiologic characteristics of renal and urinary tract diseases among children below 12 years of age. 2. To determine the main risk factors which may play a role in the occurrence of these disorders in children. 3. To assess the relative importance of the problem among children attending the University Hospital.