الفهرس 
ANATOMYOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
traumatic Spinal cord injury can occur from trauma to the vertebral column or the spinal cord itself. Most spinal cord injuries are the result of trauma to the vertebral column causing a fracture of the bone, or tearing of the ligaments with displacement of the bony column producing a pinching of the spinal cord. The majority of broken necks and broken backs, or vertebral fractures, do not cause any spinal cord damage; however, in 10-14% of the cases where a vertebral trauma has occurred, the damage is of such severity it results in damage to the spinal cord.
Traumatic Spinal cord injury primarily occurs in young men with the greatest number of injuries occurring in the 16-30 age group. Patients with a spinal cord injury are designated as having tetraplegia (preferred to quadriplegia) or paraplegia. Tetraplegia refers to injuries to the cervical spinal cord and paraplegia refers to injuries below the cervical spinal cord. Patients with tetraplegia are slightly more common (51.7%) than patients with paraplegia. The majority of spinal cord injuries, about 37.4%, are sustained during a motor vehicle accident. Acts of violence are the second most common cause at 25.9%, falls are third at 21.5% and sports injuries are fourth at 7.1%.
traumatic Spinal cord injury can occur at any level of the spinal cord or at multiple levels; however, the most common area of injury is at the lower part of the neck at the C-4, C-5 and C-6 levels. The second most common area of injury is at the bottom of the rib cage at T-12. C-7 is the third most common area of spinal cord injury. An injury to the bone at the C-1 and C-2 level may not damage the spinal cord, but if the injury is very severe it will lead to immediate death because the high level of injury interferes with breathing. Therefore, at this level medical professionals only see patients with an incomplete injury or those who have a complete injury and receive mouth to mouth resuscitation until other assistive ventilation is possible. All of these areas are particularly vulnerable injury points because a more fixed part of the skeleton is attached to a more movable part and at the moment of trauma the movable part is injured at the place of fixation.