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Revew of literature
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Low - Back pain
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Anatomy of the spinal cord
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Clinical picture of L. B.P
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Management of the most common causes of L,.B,P
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Physiotheraputic Ueasures used for management of L,B,P
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Transcutaneus electric nerve stimulation
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Pain mechanism
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Electrical stimulation
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Mode of action
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Tens applicatioon
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Uses of tens
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Modes of tens
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Patients and Methods
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Results
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Discussion
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Summry
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References
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Arabic summary