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Abstract
Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy are common and form one of the deadly triad, along with hemorrhage and infection that contribute greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality. The aetiology and pathophysiology of preeclampsia are still not understood fully.
OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this study is to examine cases of severe pregnancy induced hypertension for the presence of some thrombophilias and thereby proposing the role of thrombophilia as a risk in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia.
METHODS:
The study was conducted on 90 singleton pregnant females in their third trimester, allocated into 3 main groups (severe preeclampsia/ mild preeclampsia/ normotensive controls). All were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations, ultrasound and Doppler studies. Thrombophilia work up was done for all cases together with its correlation to neonatal outcome.
RESULTS:
The prevalence of thrombophilia (inherited and acquired) in the severe preeclampsia – eclampsia group was 54%, while it was 25% in each of the mild preeclampsia group and normotensive controls. Combined thrombophilia was found in 22% in the severe preeclampsia – eclampsia group, and 10% in each of the other two groups. Severe preeclampsia – eclampsia have a significant correlation with AT deficiency. No significant association between IUGR and activated protein C resistance and PC, but a significant association with PS and AT deficiencies was found. No association between either anticardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant and preeclampsia were found.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our investigation indicates a higher prevalence of thrombophilia in women with severe preeclampsia. As thrombophilia is linked to thrombosis and other serious complications leading to maternal morbidity, our study supports the idea of screening tests for thrombophilia in women with such problems during pregnancy. We suggest that the knowledge of patients with thrombophilic factors might and should alter the treatment.