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Abstract
’,Tbe object of this work is to investigate the suitability of an agricultural waste ”com ’J8IJb” for oil spill cleanup. Com stalks were investigated using scanning electron . ”microscope to study surface characteristics of the com stalks, thermo-gravimetric analyzer to investigate the degradation profile of the fibers, FT-IR to identify the functional groups OIl the fibers surface and XRD to determine the nature of com stalks.
Experiments were carried out on raw com stalks to study its oil sorption capacity and water pick up under simulated field conditions. Different factors were varied to study their effect on the sorption capacity including particle size, sorption time, oil film thickness, desorption time, temperature, sorbent weight, oil type, soaking time and reusability. It was found that the best conditions were at average particle size of 0.8 mm with sorption time 2S minutes for seven day weathered western desert crude oil, 15 minutes for one day weathered western desert crude oil and 10 minuets for gas oil at oil film thickness of 5 mm. Also it was found that one day and seven day weathered marine balaiem crude oil have the highest sorption capacity of all oils used. The hydrophobic characteristic of raw com stalks were tested by determining the water pick up, the results showed that raw com stalks have
, • p:at affinity for water of 9.31 g water/ g sorbent after 15 minutes.
, Tteatment by carbonization was done to improve the hydrophobic and oleophilic : JII’Operties of raw com stalks. The carbonized com stalks were characterized by methylene , blue adsorption. The results indicated that carbonization has negative effect on sorption CllpllCity for one day and seven day weathered western desert crude oil and positive effect on sorption capacity for gas oil, sorption capacity for gas oil increased from 4.4 to 8.58 g oill g sorbent onto com stalks carbonized at 200°C for 2 hours. The hydrophobic properties improved extremely by the carbonization, water pick up decreased from 9.31 g water /g raw fibers to 0.65 g water /g carbonized fibers after 15 minutes at 200°C for Ihour.
Raw and carbonized com stalks were applied in the pad form. Different factors were varied to study their effect on oil sorption capacity and water pick up including sorbent weight, sorption time, desorption capacity and reusability. Sorption capacity of applied raw com stalks was tested for one day, seven day weathered western desert crude oil and gas oil sorption. Sorption capacity of applied carbonized com stalks was tested for gas oil sorption.
Comparison was done between natural sorbent in loose and pad form and commercial sorbents .The results showed that natural sorbent in loose and pad form has higher sorption capacity for one day, seven day western desert crude oil and gas oil than commercial sorbents.