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Abstract
Epidemiological surveys revealed a high prevalence of COPD in elderly which was usually under diagnosed clinically and thus untreated. This may be because the estimates of prevalence are usually those based on self-reporting of a doctor diagnosis of COPD as well as the fact that those with mild COPD (Stage I) may have no symptoms, or symptoms (such as chronic cough and sputum) that are not perceived by individuals or their health care providers as abnormal and possibly indicative of early COPD.
However, data from prevalence surveys carried out in a number of countries, using standardized methods and including spirometry, estimate that up to about one-quarter of adults aged 40 years and older may have airflow limitation.
Executive functions also prevail in a significant percent among elderly Patients with COPD and contribute significantly to the overall variance in functional status of those patients.
Moreover, executive dysfunction interferes with medication compliance, capacity to give informed consent, proper use of inhalers and spirometric performance.