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Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to congestive cardiac failure secondary to dilatation and systolic (and/or diastolic) dysfunction of the ventricles (predominantly left).DCM is the most common type of heart muscle disease in children. Approximately 30-40%of all cases of DCM have a genetic or inherited basis. The major problems of DCM are; progressive heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism and sudden death. Doppler echocardiography offers an excellent non invasive diagnostic method with ejection fraction below 45% is required for diagnosis. The treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy is essentially the treatment of heart failure. Vigorous treatment of heart failure may result in temporary remission, but relapses are common. When medical therapy fails, heart transplantation has been effective. several studies show that stem cell therapy may someday be used to reverse myocardial dysfunction.