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Abstract
In this research a theoretical analysis and experimental study for a counter flow cooling tower was introduced. The effect of the different parameters (Range, approach. wet-
~
bulb temperature, heat load and water to air ratio) on the cooling tower perfonnance was
studied, The effect of these parameters on the cooling tower size was collected in one graph which can be used to study the perfonnance of the counter flow cooling tower. In addition the effect of part heat load and low outside wet-bulb temperature on the cooling tower perfonnance was studied by taking the air conditioning system of Alexandria bibliotheca as a case of study.
In the theoretical analysis, a group of equations had been offered to obtain a dimension-less tenns explaining the tower perfonnance and characteristics. The process is simplified using Merkel’s assumption. which neglects the effect of the water loss due to evaporation of water flow rate, setting the Lewis number equal to unity. The equations are solved by three methods (Step-by-step finite element method, Chebyshev method [52] and Braun method [9]).
The effect of the variable parameters on the cooling tower perfonnance was studied by using the computer programs. The effect of the variable parameters on the cooling tower size was collected in one graph which can be used to study the perfonnance of the counter flow cooling tower, taking into consideration the effect of variable parameters and the results produced by other authors. The graph contains all the variable parameters but the approach is constant.
A computer program was used to study the effect of part heat load and low out-side wet-bulb temperature on the cooling tower perfonnance by taking the air conditioning system of Alexandria bibIiotheca as a case of study to determine the possibility of using &ee cooling.
The results of the theoretical study showed that; increasing heat load, range and water to air ratio (UG) increases the size of the tower, but increasing approach and wet-bulb temperature decreases cooIing tower size. At low wet-bulb temperature reducing water to air
ratio (LtG) and heat load increases the time of tTee cooling. Also, tTee cooling system can be used in Alexandria bibliotheca whenever the wet-bulb temperature dropped to SOC or below.
In addition. an experimental work was performed to study the effect of water to air ratio (L/G) and the heat load on the cooling tower performance. The results of the experimental work showed that~ increasing UG ratio increases the cold water temperature outlet iiuill the toV.Cl, the hot water temperature inlet the tower, approach and the exit air temperature but decreases the tower range. Also decreasing heat load decreases the cold water tt’rnperaturl’ outlet ITom the tower and the exit air dry bulb temperature.