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Abstract
Complete normality and functional efficiency of the different structure of the oral cavity is the base of oral health. The tissues of the oral cavity may I~ affected either by direct action as in exposure to sulfuric acid fumes or .~rough systemic exposure as in poisoning with heavy metals as lead and mercury. Teeth with the supporting periodontal tissues constitute the main !lrUctural and functional part of the oral cavity (oral health). Lead has been used for thousands of years but it was only in the nineteenth century when the hazards of lead to health became well recognized. long term exposure of workers to lead was found to induce psychological, gastro-intestinal, cardiovascular, hematological and mental Bones and teeth, mainly dentine, represent the most important sites of ~eposition of absorbed lead (94). Lead in dentine is mostly immobile and its rum over is negligible and therefore its, accumulation in teeth reflects its IDsorption from the environment. Several epidemiological and animal studies Therefore, the present study was conducted in a trial to assess the oral ~ealth of the workers chronically exposed to lead in a lead battery plant and to for preplacement and periodic medical ~xaminations and health educatiol1’ for workers. 1 department) and representcd the total population and a non-exposed group of ~ I 400 workers who were selected at random from Edfina plant. 1 i ~ including primary data, occupational, family and smoking history, as well as I, ! history of any present or past systemic or oral complaints or diseases. The interview is followed by clinical examination for all exposed and The present study involved 400 male workers exposed to lead in the seven departmcnts of the lead battery plant (aller exclusion of the formation All the participants were interviewed using a questionnaire (appendix) non-exposed sllbject~ concerning oral cavity with special emphasis on teeth and Periodontium. Environmental assessment was carried out where air samples, to measure lead concentration in work atmosphere, were taken. A blood sample \ was obtained from each exposed worker (n = 400).