الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Due to the continuous growth of population and the urgent need for food security, expanding the reclamation of new lands within the unlimited desert area of Egypt, has started with the desert fringes of the Nile Valley and Delta. In West Tahta about 5000 fcddans (21 .3 krn’) of desert lands were reclaimed along the fringes of the Nile Valley, adjacent to the traditionally cultivated area, in 1978. The topographic level of the reclaimed area of West Tahta is 10 to 25 meters above the level of the ground surface in the adjacent traditionally cultivated lands, To supply the reclaimed desert area with irrigation water, four surface water pumping station and a system of irrigation canals were constructed. The main and lateral irrigation canals are not lined and the soils are sandy. So, the subsurface water losses due to leakage from the irrigation canals and irrigated areas into subsoil are considerably high. This leakage makes continuous recharge and seepage from the high reclaimed areas to the low traditionally cultivated areas. Consequently a strip of 600 meters (1000 fed dans) of traditionally cultivated lands is severely affected by waterlogging and salinization. To study the problem of waterlogging and groundwater condition in West Tahta area, a two dimensional finite element groundwater tlow pakage were modified to take into consideration the interaction between groundwater heads in the aquifer and shallow groundwater table in the semi-pervious layer. The finite element technique is used because it is easy to deal with the problem and it has less numerical problems. Then, the groundwater conditions in the study area were simulated using the modified model. Three solution alternative were applied to chose the suitable one . |