الفهرس 
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Abstract
The most disastrous results of ocular disease short of relatively rare loss of life is blindness . Blindness is not only a porsonal tragedy but also a society . That is why blindness is the most expensive of all causes of all causes of serious disablements .his work aimed at identifying the various causes of blindness in ophthalmic out-patient clinics in shibin el-kom . A sample size of 4937patients was chosen of them 426 patients showed visual acuity of less then 6/60 with best correction in one or both eyes.for every case full personal history and full ophthalmic clinical examination were done.statistical analysis of the collected data was done to determine the significance of the diferent findings.