الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The fast increase in electrical power demand and financing shortage to meet very high power demand push the majority of countries, even oil producers to apply seriously the energy conservation (E.C) and load management (L.M) activities. The case in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.) may slightly differ. The low tariff, the high national gross domestic product, and severe swnmer conditions are the direct reasons of two main problems facing K.S.A. electrical sector. The first is the extremely high peak loads during short period (1 :00-4:00 p.m) in summer tirre resulting in low utilization factor of power generation units. The second is the high electrical energy consumption rate per capita if it is compared with the average international rates. This research, thus, investigates the problem of E.C. under such mentioned problems. Suggested solutions are applied to the case of K.S.A. electrical regions, where Central Region, is served by one of the Saudi Consolidated Companies (SCECO CENTRAL). Also, investigations and analysis of electrical load characteristics and the results of applying energy conservation and load management are investigated. These issues and results are studied and discussed in six chapters: The first part is an introduction to the subject illustrating the main aims of the research and methodology. The second part presents a review of definitions and literatures in the field of E.C. and L.M., clarifying the importance of the subject. A brief discussion of published papers, articles and researches re lated to this research. Part three is devoted to a survey of the most important efforts which have been done in K.S.A. by Ministry of Industry and Electricity (~HE) in K.S.A or by its instructions, supervision and follow-up. Particular considerations are given to the L.M: pilot project of ~lIE and the pilot project implemented by Saudi Consolidated Electric Company in the Central Region (SCECO Central). The realized energy savings of consumption categories are provided. Part four presents a description and analysis of the whole electrical sector of K.S.A. and its main characteristics as being the sample considered for application of the present investigation. An analysis of these main characteristics is carried out This analysis is an approach to part five in this research. _ Part five is devoted to electrical system analysis of the Saudi Consolidated electric company in the Central Region (SCECO CENTRAL) or (S.C). In details the main characteristic of the system, the peak saving achievements due to energy conservation (E. C.) and L.M. and the of combined effect of (E.C&L.M) impact on . the future (short term) peaks are analyzed. Also, the impact on capital investment, operation, maintenance (0 & M), and total costs saving up to 1997 were extrapolated to the year of 2002. Mathematical regression analysis had been used either for the past period especially from 1993 up to 1997, or for forecasting future up to 2002. This part is thus connected with the title of the research and reflects the main goal behind it. Part six discusses the effect of E.C. on the long term plan for the Electrical Sector in K.S.A, as an example for fast developing countries which covers twenty five (25) years ending by 2020. This reflects the saving in peak loads (M\V) along this period and consequently the amount of money due the applying professional E.C. programs. Formulae relating the various parameters are deduced such as to be applicable for similar systems. Finally Part seven presents the general conclusions obtained through the present course of investigation. Also, several recommendations are given points for future investigations are suggested. |