الفهرس 
- Embryology of latg e intestineOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the gastro-intestinal tract. In females, it is the second cause of cancer related death after cancer breast, while in males it is the third cause of cancer related death after carcinoma of the lung and prostate (Fleischer et al.; 1989). Although the positive association of cholesterol level with the risk of cardiovascular disease have been known for many years, it was not until the early of 1980 where attention was focused on a possible relationship of colorectal cancer with the different levels of serum cholesterol (Linda et ai., 1980). In this study, 100 patients of colorectal cancer were investigated to correlate the relationship between lipid profile and the clinical staging of malignancy The ’risk between increased fat consumption and colorectal cancer has been supported by epidemiologic correlations, case control studies and experimental studies in humans also support this concept (Winawer et a/., 1992).20 cases were taken as a control study to determine the nornial levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and H DL Patients with pathological hyper-cholesteraern~aw ere excluded in thiss tudy. Frorn the results obtained from this study and as a conclusion, as the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and {-DL increases and the level of HDL decreases the risk of colorectal carcinoma increases and the clinical staging of colorectal cancer becomes more worse, while as the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL decreases and the level of HDL increases the risk of colorectal carcinoma decreases and the clinical staging of malignancy becomes less wors The precise mechanisms by which neutrients enhance colonic carcinogenesis have not been elucidated as yet, however Tuyns et al., (1995) had assumed several mechanisms in the cancer prgmotion action of dietary fat in the colon in the following manner: 1- Dietary fat induces increase in the biliary sterols and these cornpounds damage the colonic epithelium and induce hyperprolifera tion. 2- Carcinogenesis is enhanced by free radicals generated during lipid peroxida tion. 3- Certain fatty acids promote carcinogenesis by incorporating into cell membranes and by inducing changes in the membrane fluidity and in the response to carcinogenic compounds 4- Overbundance of linoleic increases the synthesis of certain prostaglandins, which can act as cancer promoteres by stimulating cell proliferation. 5- Dietary fat determines the characteristics of the gut bacterial flora which play an important role in the metabolism of carcinogens At the end the American Cancer Society had issued certain dietary recomrneodations over the last few years for cancer prevention. These reccmrnendations include: 1- Reduce fat intake to less than 30 O h of calories. 2- Increase fiber intake to 20 - 30 gm daily wth an upper limit of 35 gm. -- 3- Include a variety of vegetables and fruits. 4- Avoid obesity. 5- Consume alcoholic beverages in moderate amounts to increase level of H DL 6- Minimize consumption of salt cured, salt pickled and smoked food.