الفهرس 
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Abstract
A Supply Chain is a network of organizations that are involved in the
different processes and activities that produce value in the form of products
and services in the hands of the ultimate consumer. Supply Chain
Management (SCM) concerns the integrated and process-oriented approach
to the design, management, and control of the SC, with the aim at producing
value for the customer. One of the areas of SCM is minimizing the
inventory cost within the supply chain, and studying the variability of
ordered quantities in the supply chain.
The objectives of this work are to formulate the inventory totaJ cost when
retailers face truncated demand with all members follow (S,s) continuous
review policy, and to study the bullwhip effect in an arborescent supply
chain developing a bullwhip measure masking the order batching. A counter
measure helps in dampening the bullwhip effect based on local information
sharing is proposed.
The results showed that the developed model yields in minimum inventory
total cost (through finding the optimal maximum inventory level S*). The
analysis of the results of the developed measure successfully masks the
effect of order batching on the demand variability. The developed bullwhip
dampening algorithm succeeded in dampening the demand variability
locally.
Keywords: Inventory control, (S,s) review policy, Arborescent supply
chain, upply chain coordination, Bullwhip measures