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Abstract
Recent advances in the ICSI technique includes the use of laser to create a hole in the zona Pellucida allowing easy entrance to the oocyte and minimizing the mechanical stress on the cytoskeleton thus improving the embryo quality. This can also be achieved by thinning the zona pellucida with laser thus allowing also for assisted hatching. Laser can be used to immobilize the sperm thus reducing the total time needed to perform the ICSI. It is now possible to visualize the meiotic spindle while performing ICSI by using polarized light microscopy thus preventing damage of the meiotic spindle .Sperms that will be injected can now be selected either morphologically by the use of high- magnification optical systems or by using the hyaluronic acid sperm binding technique.
Oocyte reconstitution technique may provide an alternative to egg donation for couples with egg infertility by combining the benefits from donor eggs, while transmitting the genetic legacy of the infertile woman.
The metabolic competence of the fertilizing oocyte is strictly related to its mitochondrial content and to its capacity to generate ATP, therefore transfer of cytoplasm derived from a fertile donor oocyte into a recipient oocyte may help in the rescue of metabolically impaired gametes by providing an infusion of normal mitochondria, together with other cytoplasmic organelles.