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Abstract
The present work aim to evaluate the toxicity of two volatile oils of cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and, thyme, Thymus vulgaris, one fixed oil ginger, Zingiber officinale and bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis. Against the blowfly, Chrysomyia albiceps. Based on LC50 values, it is clear that volalile oils were most effective than the fixed oils and bacteria.
Treatment with the two volalile oils, fixed oil and bacteria affects some biological aspects of C. albiceps. Significant reduction in pupation precent, adult emergence, fecundity and hatchability were observed. Also morphogenic aberration are larval-pupal intermediate and adults with crumpled wings.
The histological effects induced by oils and bacterial treatment in the body wall were represented by the detachment of cuticle from by hypodermis, distintegration in the hypodermis, destruction of the basement membrane and appearance of vacuoles between cuticle and hypodermis. Histopathological effects on muscles was ranged between degeneration to complete destruction of the whole tissue. Destruction on fat body cells, vacuolation of fat cells, degeneration of nuclei and shrink age of cytoplasm. Destruction of musclar and regenerative cells, epithelial cells are strongly vacuolated in mid gut region.
All treatments affect biochemical activities of C. albiceps, which lead to disturbance in carbohydrate, lipid and protein levels in haemogenate. The total carbohydrate content significantly increased while protein content significantly decreased in all treatments. The total lipid content was significantly decreased in all treatments except treatment with fixed oil, significantly increased