الفهرس 
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Abstract
With The Advent Of Modem Manufacturing Methods, Which Rely Heavily On Automation, Use Of Robotics, AGV’s .. Etc, The Role Of Human Element In Manufacturing Has” Contracted but Never Eliminated. Materials Handling, both Inter- and Intra-Plant, Assembly Operations ,and Maintenance Work Still Rely Heavily On Muscular Effort. The objective of the current work is two-fold, viz:
1. construction of a knowledge-based system (KBS) which cover the capacity and requirements of the manual job and workplace configuration
2. investigating the validity of the revised NIOSH equation for manual lifting in the Egyptian environment. the first part of the present work investigates the need for hand tools that are common in factory work and the corresponding Human Tool-Interface. A Knowledge-Based System Has been constructed to cover:
• Manual Handling Tasks.
• Layout of Work place.
• Design of Passageways.
• Human- Tool interface.
The Proposed KBS . Can Be Used As Faster And Easier Means To Analyze And Document Manual Tasks Related To The Given Areas. This System Contains Ergon0mic and human factors information, which should be applied when evaluating, designing, or modifying workstations, tools, equipment, job tasks and provides guidelines involving both engineering and administrative ergonomic controls. That will assure safety and comfort of the physical environment. The data used in this system are based on ISO standards and the recognized institutes related to ergonomics applications.