الفهرس 
introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 16 |  |  |
| | | from | 16 | | |
Abstract
The Sequencing Batch Reactor is a specific fill and draw version of the activated sludge process. In contrast to continuous flow systems, the sequencing of process in a SBR is time rather than space oriented; metabolic reactions and solid/liquid separation take place at different times in the same reactor.
The SBR is characterized by a series of process phases ( fill, react, settle, decant ), each lasting for a defined period of time. Ifno wastewater is available, the SBR can rest in an idle phase.
Historically, the first activated sludge plant was really a sequencing Batch Reactor SBR wherein the sewage was introduced batchwise into the reactor for a specified period of time. The contents of the reactor were then aerated for a predetermined period, following which the sludge flocs were allowed to settle and the supernatant liquor was decanted.
The principle objective of the research work was to evaluate the efficiency of the sequencing batch reactor as one of modifications of the activated sludge system. The ability of the system to overcome the shock organic load and shock hydraulic load was also studied.
The existing activated sludge treatment plants might be developed to display much flexibility in the treatment operation in order to achieve the defined treatment goals.
The simplicity of operation, the high COD and SS removal efficiency and the small space requirement make the sequencing batch reactor SBR an attractive treatment option. Particularly in places where land supply is limited and expensive
Based on the observations and the results obtained from this study the following points are concluded.
o The SBR offers considerable flexibility in the operation of sewage treatment plants where different phases (fill, react, settle, draw, idle) can be combined in many different combinations.
o The ability of the sequencing batch reactor SBR to receive the organic shock loads without significant variation in the efficiency of treatment process is high. Otherwise the activated sludge process is sensitive due to the organic shock loads.
o It can be concluded fTom the economical comparison between the sequencing batch reactor SBR and the activated sludge process that the sequencing batch reactor requires smaller space for the treatment plant. Also the construction cost of the SBR treatment plant is less than the construction cost of the activated sludge treatment plant whereas the operation cost is approximately the same in the two plants.
1